[11532] The cause of tumefactive MS is not known. A spinal tap to remove spinal fluid for analysis, Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Pensacola, FL 32502 sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Therapeutic plasma exchange replaces damaged plasma with plasma free of abnormalities, which can help slow the diseases progression and relieve symptoms. An official website of the United States government. [38], MRI diagnosis is based on lesions that are disseminated in time and space, meaning that there are multiple episodes and consisting of more than one area. Multiple Sclerosis and Stroke: Does MS Raise the Risk. After an MS diagnosis, patients and their healthcare teams typically will work together to come up with a care plan suited to the individual. Mult Scler Relat Disord. WebTumefactive MS is a rare type that causes a tumor-like growth in the brain. Submit only on articles published within 6 months of issue date. [55], Some anti-MOG cases satisfy the MS requirements (lesions disseminated in time and space) and are therefore traditionally considered MS cases. No specific therapy or corticosteroid infusions improved EDSS over the long term. Multiple Sclerosis and Cancer Risk: Higher or Lower? 2018 Nov;26:77-84. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2018.08.025. We reviewed brain MRI of 443 patients referred to our MS clinic. Jeong IH, Kim SH, Hyun JW, Joung A, Cho HJ, Kim HJ. The cause of tumefactive MS is not known. Disease progression can occur in several ways: Most cases of tumefactive MS develop into relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). a. -, Ann Neurol. Edema is the build-up of fluid within the brain tissue. How has it affected your life? [13], No standard treatment exists, but practitioners seem to apply intravenous corticosteroids, followed by plasmapheresis and cyclophosphamide in non-responsive cases[43], Plasmapheresis has been reported to work even in the absence of response to corticosteroids[44], Pharmacologic treatments for MS include immunomodulators and immunosuppressants which reduce the frequency and severity of relapses by about 35% and reduce the lesion growth. Depending on the kind and duration of exercise, patients also may experience less brain tissue degeneration and fewer relapses. }, 3 W Garden St -, J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. Cedars-Sinai has a range of comprehensive treatment options. A mass effect is the effect of a mass on its surroundings, for example, exerting pressure on the surrounding brain matter. Neurology and Therapy, pp 15, 24 August 2017, Tohyama, Sarasa et al, Trigeminal neuralgia associated with solitary pontine lesion, PAIN: December 09, 2019, doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001777. }, In the U.S., MS patients who are Black or Latin American tend to have more severe disability worsening and a higher death rate. MS is characterized pathologically by multifocal areas of demyelination with loss of oligodendrocytes and astroglial scarring. Although most people with MS are aged 2040 years when symptoms appear, the condition can sometimes develop in later life. Take steps toward getting a diagnosis by working with your doctor, finding the right specialists, and coordinating medical care. [8] This upper motor neuron syndrome appears when motor control of skeletal muscles is affected due to damage to the efferent motor pathways. Online ISSN:1526-632X, The most widely read and highly cited peer-reviewed neurology journal, Tumefactive Demyelination: Clinical Outcomes, Lesion Evolution and Treatments (924). Epub 2017 Jul 7. Dantrolene has many side effects and as such, it is usually not the first choice in treatment of spasticity. They build public awareness of the disease and are a driving force behind research to improve patients' lives. Is There a Connection Between MS and Celiac Disease? On average, the lifespan for people with MS is about five to 10 years shorter than for the general population, but this gap is getting shorter as treatments and care This content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Objective: Large demyelinating lesions with possible mass effect (tumefactive multiple sclerosis or tumefactive demyelination) can be mistaken for tumor-like space occupying lesions suggesting a malignant outcome. { The aim of this study was to estimate the occurrence and long term outcome of tumefactive demyelinating lesions (TDLs) in a cohort of multiple sclerosis patients. Clinical Course, Radiologic Features and Treatment Response in Patients with Tumefactive Demyelinating Lesions in Toronto. A 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is not generally considered life-threatening and most people will live a normal life-span. In 1994, the mean total lifetime direct and indirect costs for a patient with MS was estimated at $2.2 million, with a national cost of $2.5 billion.9 Multiple sclerosis in 43% of patients leads to job loss. Researchers from participating institutions use the database to search for and invite patients or healthy volunteers who meet their study criteria to participate. var $this = $(this); PMC Effects of serial macrocyclic-based contrast materials gadoterate meglumine and gadobutrol administrations on gadolinium-related dentate nuclei signal increases in unenhanced T1-weighted brain: a retrospective study in 158 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Marburg acute multiple sclerosis, also known as Marburg multiple sclerosis or acute fulminant multiple sclerosis, is considered one of the multiple sclerosis borderline diseases, which is a collection of diseases classified by some as MS variants and by others as different diseases. Is Tumefactive Multiple Sclerosis Progressive? National Library of Medicine Kaeser, M. A., Scali, F., Lanzisera, F. P., Bub, G. A., and Kettner, N. W. Tumefactive multiple sclerosis: an uncommon diagnostic challenge. It is called tumefactive as the lesions are "tumor-like" and they mimic tumors clinically, radiologically and sometimes pathologically. This content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Does Tumefactive Multiple Sclerosis Cause Disability? Because tumefactive MS is considered an inflammatory demyelinating disease, some scientists theorize that its cause may be rooted in autoimmune disorders. "@type": "MedicalSignOrSymptom", [1] Even with this information, multiple imaging technologies have to be used together with biochemical tests for accurate diagnosis of tumefactive MS.[36], Tumefactive demyelination is distinguished from tumor by the presence of multiple lesions, absence of cortical involvement, and decrease in lesion size or detection of new lesions on serial imaging[37] Tumefactive lesions can appear in the spinal cord, making the diagnosis even more difficult. Downs SM, van Dyck PC, Rinaldo P, et al. In particular we asked if these lesions were truly benign, if treatment was necessary, if corticosteroids were the best therapy for reducing tumefactive demyelinating lesions and whether any DMT showed increasedbeneficial effects on clinical outcomes over time. It can be diagnosed in vivo with an MRI scan. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Though there is substantial variability from person to person, it is estimated that about one-quarter of patients receiving modern treatments will require a wheelchair within about 35 years of their diagnosis. Afkar A, Ashouri A, Rahmani M, Emami Sigaroudi A. Neurol Sci. These tests may include a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the brain and spinal cord. "@type": "MedicalCondition", -. When demyelination is occurring, there is breakdown of cell membranes resulting in an increase in the level of choline. Tumefactive demyelinating lesion recurrence was 16.6 %. Relapsing course The person with tumefactive MS experiences periods of symptom improvement (or without any symptoms), followed by recurrence. NAA is specific to neurons and thus, a reduction in NAA concentration indicates neuronal or axonal dysfunction. Approximately 2 million people in the world suffer from multiple sclerosis Tumefactive multiple sclerosis cases make up 1 to 2 of every 1000 multiple sclerosis cases. J Neurol. Beginning treatment as early as possible is highly recommended for MS patients. Theres no cure for any type of MS, but there are ways to manage symptoms and slow its progression. Tumefactive MS responds well to high doses of corticosteroids. These medications reduce inflammation and pain. Tumefactive MS may eventually progress into relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). As the disease progresses, it may impair patients ability to function independently, reduce quality of life, and cause cognitive difficulties. Spasticity is not as prevalent in tumefactive cases, because in standard MS it is caused by demyelination or inflammation in the motor areas of the brain or the spinal cord. In SPMS your MS will progress steadily. "audience": { You (and co-authors) do not need to fill out forms or check disclosures as author forms are still valid Epub 2018 Aug 24. Intravenous immunoglobulin is used as a third-line treatment for different forms of MS. Bookshelf pyramidal: muscle weakness or trouble moving the limbs, cerebellar: tremor, loss of balance, and coordination problems, brainstem: uncontrolled eye movements and difficulty talking or swallowing, bowel and bladder: changes in gastrointestinal and urinary tract function, cerebral: difficulty with thinking or memory, other: any other neurologic finding attributed to MS. regular appointments with a neurologist to monitor disease progression. Tumefactive multiple sclerosis is a term used to describe patients with established multiple sclerosis who develop large aggressive demyelinating lesions, similar/identical in appearance to those seen in sporadic tumefactive demyelinating lesions (TDL). if($this.html().replace(/\s| /g, '').length == 0) Living well despite MS may require some lifestyle adjustments, such as exercising and cutting back smoking, as well as treatment and regular monitoring to improve long-term outcomes. It gets rid of proteins called autoantibodies that attack your immune system. No disability, but minimal signs in one functional system, No disability, but minimal signs in two or more functional systems, Minimal disability in one functional system, Minimal disability in two functional systems, or mild disability affecting one system, Moderate disability in one functional system or mild disability in three or four systems, without any walking difficulties, Moderate disability in one functional system, with more than minimal impairment in multiple others, but no difficulty walking, Significant disability, but able to function mostly independently in daily life. This scale ranges from 0, indicating no disability, to 10, for death. [4][5][6] These cases belong to a multiple sclerosis borderline and there is currently no universal agreement on how they should be considered. As with other forms of MS, theres no single progression path. Epub 2017 Apr 9. }, FOIA What is the rarest form of MS? "@type": "Audience", Life expectancy is minimally reduced by MS. 4 Fifty percent of individuals with MS will die from other causes. They often mimic a variety of other diseases including ischemic stroke, peroneal nerve palsy and intracranial neurologic disease. Inaugural tumor-like multiple sclerosis: clinical presentation and medium-term outcome in 87 patients. Other diseases in this group are neuromyelitis optica (NMO), Balo concentric sclerosis, and Schilder's disease. Web1. A case report, Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, Volume 31, June 2019, Pages 51-53. What Causes Tumefactive Multiple Sclerosis? Tumefactive multiple sclerosis (MS), also known as, Tumefactive MS typically appears as one or more, Symptoms of Tumefactive Multiple Sclerosis, Aphasia, or difficulty understanding and forming speech, Apraxia, or difficulty making the movements needed for speech. Life expectancy is minimally reduced by MS.4 Fifty Print. WebOfficial answer. Some diseases can result in an abnormal substance in the blood. All Rights Reserved. Patriarca L, Torlone S, Ferrari F, Di Carmine C, Totaro R, di Cesare E, Splendiani A. Neuroradiol J. Tumefactive MS symptoms are very different from the most common forms of MS. The time it takes to progress from RRMS to SPMS often varies substantially from person to person and potentially can be influenced by the use of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). [8], The possible cognitive dysfunction is also rare in tumefactive cases. Theyll order magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the spinal cord and brain to look for unusual growths. Some of these patients developed tumefactive lesions. Multiple sclerosis is not terminal. Axonal injury is also a prominent pathologic feature, especially in the later stages. [36], As in general MS, there are differences for gender, ethnicity and geographic location. Thats why your doctor has to make sure its not something else. Subjects have been reported to suffer from a decreased motor control resulting in a foot drop,[9] or significantly reduced leg movement. MOG antibodyassociated demyelinating pseudotumor. Starting therapy sooner more effectively prevents the accumulation of disability later on in the disease course. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. $(".bio-background--speech .bio-type-display--medium").remove(); [11] Symptoms also can mimic a neoplasm with symptoms such as headaches, aphasia, and/ or seizures.[13]. Occurrence of tumefactive demyelinating lesions in our cohort was higher than those reported in other studies. Its often used to treat cancers like non-Hodgkins lymphoma and leukemia, among other diseases. -, Case Rep Neurol Med. Additional tests may then be performed to detect unusual growths; damage to the brain, nerve, spinal cord, or brain stem; or the presence of inflammatory diseases or infections. [6], It took its name from Otto Marburg. Subjects with tumefactive multiple sclerosis may see a reduction of diffusion of the white matter in the affected area of the brain.[11]. [13], Fatigue is a common symptom and affects the daily life of individuals with MS. Changes in lifestyle are usually recommended to reduce fatigue. Our Information Specialists are available to you by phone or by filling out our contact form. Next COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Dose Approved. [34], In general, during the acute phase, the plaques of lesions were characterized by massive demyelination with relatively axonal preservation associated with reactive astrocytosis and infiltration of macrophages. 'MacMoody'. [4] though it was also reported by other groups more or less at the same time. [31], In general, it is accepted that the two main causes of pseudo-tumoral lesions are Marburg multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). When the demyelinating lesion appears alone it has been termed solitary sclerosis. Treatments for Tumefactive Multiple Sclerosis, Tumefactive Multiple Sclerosis Cedars-Sinai, Pathognomonic MR Imaging Findings in Balo Concentric Sclerosis American Journal of Neuroradiology, Balo's Disease National Multiple Sclerosis Society, Treatments of Balos Disease National Multiple Sclerosis Society, Long Survival and Clinical Stability in Marburgs Variant Multiple Sclerosis Neurological Sciences, Tumefactive Multiple Sclerosis: An Uncommon Diagnostic Challenge Journal of Chiropractic Medicine, Balo Disease National Organization for Rare Disorders, Understanding Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) Saint Lukes, Clinical Uses of Intravenous Immunoglobulin Clinical & Experimental Immunology, Tumefactive Multiple Sclerosis Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center, The Clinical and Radiographic Spectrum of Pathologically Confirmed Tumefactive Multiple Sclerosis Brain: A Journal of Neurology. Multiple sclerosis itself is not usually lethal, but it can increase the risk of long-term complications, such as infections or trouble swallowing, that can potentially shorten survival. }, After the discovery of the anti-MOG disease this classification is into revision. Most people with MS have relapsing symptoms and "name": "Spasticity" Corticosteroids are commonly used in tumefactive MS to decrease the severity of inflammation in affected regions of the brain or spinal cord. Some people have reported spontaneous remission of tumefactive MS without the presence of any symptoms. } These tests can also rule out other conditions. Diagnosis is difficult as tumefactive MS may mimic the clinical and MRI characteristics of a glioma or a cerebral abscess. J Chiropr Med. Print. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the WebAlthough tumefactive multiple sclerosis is a well recognized variant of multiple sclerosis, prognostic uncertainty still exists about long term prognosis. Most people with MS experience two stages of disease. As such, the demyelination process affects the communication between neurons and this consequently affects the neural pathways they control. [10] In other cases closer mimicking strokes, subjects may suffer from confusion, dizziness, and weakness in one side of the face. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Seven cases with TDLs were identified (occurrence 1.58 %). Theres no cure for any type of MS, but there are ways to manage symptoms and slow its progression. Tumefactive MS responds well to high doses of corticosteroids. These medications reduce inflammation and pain. Tumefactive MS may eventually progress into relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). MS patients who smoke are also advised to stop. Symptoms present Email: [emailprotected] Effect of exercise therapy on quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. MS Prognosis: Multiple Sclerosis Life Expectancy, How Damaged Myelin Affects Multiple Sclerosis, What Are the Functions of Antibodies? The ways in which multiple sclerosis manifests vary considerably in each person with the disorder. [12] However, there are some reports of The site is secure. 'Royal Free Hospital'. 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC, an Internet Brands company. To find the right clinical study we recommend you: ResearchMatch helps connect people interested in research studieswith researchers from top medical centers across the United States. Mass effect is likely responsible for many tumefactive MS symptoms. On average, the lifespan for people with MS is about five to 10 years shorter than for the general population, but this gap is getting shorter as treatments and care continue to improve. In many cases, the axons are also destroyed. Tumefactive MS can result in alternating ring patterns of damaged and undamaged myelin in the brain and spinal cord. Life Expectancy With PPMS Although there is no cure for PPMS, the condition is not considered to be fatal. { With the right treatment, moreover, patients can lead an almost normal life throughout. These can include: Multiple sclerosis is a lifelong disease, and disease manifestations vary substantially from person to person. Spasticity is an involuntary muscle movement like an exaggerated stretch reflex, which is when a muscle overcompensates and contracts too much in response to the muscle being stretched. People with progressive MS can experience disease relapses and periods of relative remission, while individuals with relapsing disease may experience some symptom progression between relapses. 1993 Jan;33(1):18-27 Multiple Sclerosis News Todayis strictly a news and information website about the disease. Tumefactive multiple sclerosis is characterized by a tumor-like lesion larger than two centimeters and signs and symptoms similar to those of a brain tumor. b. Tumefactive multiple sclerosis is often misdiagnosed as a brain tumor, most commonly astrocytoma brain tumors. [7] "alternateName": "MS", The doctor will ask about your medical history and your most recent symptoms. Your co-authors must send a completed Publishing Agreement Form to Neurology Staff (not necessary for the lead/corresponding author as the form below will suffice) before you upload your comment. Many collaborate with medical experts and researchers.Services of patient organizations differ, but may include: Clinical studies are part of clinical research and at the heart of all medical advances, including rare diseases. Other medications may address specific symptoms such as: Symptoms of tumefactive MS can affect a patient's daily life and physical and occupational therapy may be used to manage symptoms. { The EDSS assesses eight functional systems: From scores of 5 to 9.5, the EDSS is assessed mainly based on an individuals ability to walk. Ryotaro Ikeguchi et al., Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy differentiates tumefactive demyelinating lesions from gliomas, Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, August 2018, doi: Kristen Krysko et al. Yaqing Shu Youming Long Shisi Wang Wanming Hu Jian Zhou Huiming Xu Chen Chen Yangmei Ou Zhengqi Lu Alexander Y. Lau Xinhua Yu Allan G. Kermode Wei Qiu, Brain histopathological study and prognosis in MOG antibodyassociated demyelinating pseudotumor, 08 January 2019, Idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases, "Mass lesions in the brain: tumor or multiple sclerosis? [1] The graver course is one form of malignant multiple sclerosis, with patients reaching a significant level of disability in less than five years from their first symptoms, often in a matter of months. eCollection 2022. National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Balo disease; Balo's concentric sclerosis; Balo's disease; Bal concentric sclerosis; Concentric demyelination; Diffuse cerebral sclerosis of Schilder; Encephalitis periaxialis concentrica; Marburg variant. Central nervous system tumefactive demyelinating lesions: Risk factors of relapse and follow-up observations. You may have: Scientists know your immune system attacks your body by mistake when you have MS. Lesions from tumefactive MS appear as large tumors in MRI scans. Is size an essential criterion to define tumefactive plaque? Front Immunol. The absence of enhancement on follow up on magnetic resonance imaging portended lesion regression. They present similar clinical features than MS-TN but with a single pontine lesion. If you are responding to a comment that was written about an article you originally authored: In plaques of chronic lesions, demyelinated lesions with relative axonal preservation and sharply defined margins were major findings. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website. Tumefactive MS can sometimes lead to fatal health conditions. Please go to our Submission Site to add or update your Disclosure information. This means that only around 2000 people in the world suffer of tumefactive MS. Of those cases, there is a higher percentage of females affected than males. For example, there are some cases of NMO, misidentified as MS and treated with interferon-beta by mistake. Depression, trouble controlling the bladder or bowel, and difficulties withsexual health also are common in people with the disease. Please contact GARD if you need help finding additional information or resources on rare diseases, including clinical studies. 2018 Jul-Sep; 13(3): 893896. Would you like email updates of new search results? [8] but symptoms of tumefactive MS are not so clear. Tumefactive multiple sclerosis can have symptoms similar to those of brain tumors, and diagnostic tests are used to help rule out other causes and confirm a diagnosis. "@type": "Thing", Dietary habits also have a substantial impact on MS, although the nuances are still not fully understood. Hence the name "tumefactive multiple sclerosis". MOG antibodies were originally thought to be involved in multiple sclerosis (MS), but subsequent studies Symptoms may progress rapidly over several weeks or more slowly over two to three years. 2. Chronic stress also has been noted as a potential contributor to MS relapses and disability progression. Males generally experience worse recovery after relapses, have higher rates of brain damage and cognitive impairment, and are more likely to develop progressive forms of MS and become substantially disabled. Sunderland: Sinauer Associates Inc., U.S., 2010. This information is currently in development. And myelin-laden macrophages accumulate at the edges of plaques and stay inactive[35], Diagnosis of tumefactive MS is commonly carried out using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and proton MR spectroscopy (H-MRS). 2017 Nov;38(11):1901-1911. doi: 10.1007/s10072-017-3047-x. Multiple sclerosis can make it difficult to walk, and some patients will eventually rely on a wheelchair to help them get around and retain their independence. Li X, Miao X, Wang Y, Sun J, Gao H, Han J, Li Y, Wang Q, Sun C, Liu J. Most people with MS generally have slightly shorter lifespans than the general population. ", "Interferon--related tumefactive brain lesion in a Caucasian patient with neuromyelitis optica and clinical stabilization with tocilizumab", "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder with Tumefactive Demyelination mimicking Multiple Sclerosis: a rare case", "Tumefactive demyelination: A rare presentation of HIV", "Repeated Non-enhancing Tumefactive Lesions in a Patient with a Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder", "Tumefactive Multiple Sclerosis in a Patient on Fingolimod", "Neuronavigation-guided biopsy for differential diagnosis of pseudotumoral demyelinating brain lesions", "Tumefactive demyelination of the spinal cord: a case report", "Clinical and radiographic spectrum of pathologically confirmed tumefactive multiple sclerosis", "Tumefactive Multiple Sclerosis of the Cervical Spinal Cord: A Rare Case Report", "Isolated demyelinating syndromes: comparison of different MR imaging criteria to predict conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis", "Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in multiple sclerosis", https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2018.08.025, "Role of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Treatment of Tumefactive Multiple Sclerosis-Associated Low CD4 and CD8 Levels", "Solitary sclerosis: Progressive myelopathy from solitary demyelinating lesion", "Progressive myelopathy from solitary demyelinating lesion", "Solitary sclerosis: Progressive neurological deficit from a spatially isolated demyelinating lesion: A further report", Lesional demyelinations of the central nervous system, Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, Leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter, Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tumefactive_multiple_sclerosis&oldid=1130906696, CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of December 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. In multiple sclerosis, the immune system continuously damages the nervous system, even when patients are experiencing only mild symptoms or no symptoms at all. Find resources for patients and caregivers that address the challenges of living with a rare disease, Learn more about the different types of clinical studies, ResearchMatch helps connect people interested in research studies, UMLSVocabulary Standards and Mappings Downloads, Access aggregated data from Orphanet at Orphadata, National Center for Biotechnology Information's, Newborn Screening Coding and Terminology Guide, Improving newborn screening laboratory test ordering and result reporting using health information exchange, Health Literacy Online: A Guide for Simplifying the User Experience, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, National Center for Advancing Translation Sciences, Ways to connect to others and share personal stories, Up-to-date treatment and research information, Lists of specialistsor specialty centers. It is usually lethal, but it has been found to be responsive to Mitoxantrone[8] and Alemtuzumab,[9] and it has also been responsive to autologous stem cell transplantation. 'Orthopedic Surgeon'. Is Tumefactive Multiple Sclerosis Progressive? Long-term follow-up; Magnetic resonance imaging; Multiple sclerosis; Prevalence; Tumefactive demyelinating lesions. One such treatment is Ginkgo biloba, is a herb commonly used by patients with Alzheimer's disease. The early course of MS also provides prognostic information about how the disease is likely to progress. This means that only around 2000 people in the world suffer of tumefactive MS. Of those cases, there is a higher percentage of females affected than males. Typical MS symptoms include: Additional physical symptoms of tumefactive MS can include: Moreover, people with tumefactive MS may experience cognitive impairments including: Tumefactive MS is diagnosed in several ways.
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